Duplicate class kotlin.collections.* found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0

오랜만에 옛날 안드로이드 프로젝트를 열려고 했으나, 다음과 같은 에러 때문에 빌드가 되지 않았다.

내용을 읽어보면 두 가지 버전의 Kotlin Standard Library가 충돌된다고하는데

1.8.0과 1.6.21인가보다. 그리고 jdk8도있고 jdk7도 있다.

Execution failed for task ':app:checkReleaseDuplicateClasses'.
> A failure occurred while executing com.android.build.gradle.internal.tasks.CheckDuplicatesRunnable
   > Duplicate class kotlin.collections.jdk8.CollectionsJDK8Kt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.internal.jdk7.JDK7PlatformImplementations found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.internal.jdk7.JDK7PlatformImplementations$ReflectSdkVersion found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.internal.jdk8.JDK8PlatformImplementations found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.internal.jdk8.JDK8PlatformImplementations$ReflectSdkVersion found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.io.path.ExperimentalPathApi found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.io.path.PathRelativizer found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.io.path.PathsKt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.io.path.PathsKt__PathReadWriteKt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.io.path.PathsKt__PathUtilsKt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.jdk7.AutoCloseableKt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk7-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.jvm.jdk8.JvmRepeatableKt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.random.jdk8.PlatformThreadLocalRandom found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.streams.jdk8.StreamsKt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.streams.jdk8.StreamsKt$asSequence$$inlined$Sequence$1 found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.streams.jdk8.StreamsKt$asSequence$$inlined$Sequence$2 found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.streams.jdk8.StreamsKt$asSequence$$inlined$Sequence$3 found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.streams.jdk8.StreamsKt$asSequence$$inlined$Sequence$4 found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.text.jdk8.RegexExtensionsJDK8Kt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)
     Duplicate class kotlin.time.jdk8.DurationConversionsJDK8Kt found in modules jetified-kotlin-stdlib-1.8.0 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0) and jetified-kotlin-stdlib-jdk8-1.6.21 (org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.6.21)

* Try:
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그래서 다년간 안드로이드 했던 경험으로는, 매번 바뀌는 Android Studio에서, Build Tool 장난이나 JVM 장난인줄로만 알았는데 별 짓을 해봐도 먹히지 않았다.

Gradle도 6버전이라 아직까진 JVM 1.8로 가능할거고 (Gradle 7부터는 Java 11이 최소조건)

 

혹시 dependencies에 문제가 있나 하여

./gradlew :app:dependencies

 

 

여기에 포함된 목록 중 kotlin 뭐시기가... 눈에 보였다.

+--- project :app (*)
+--- androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:1.0.0
|    +--- androidx.core:core:1.0.0 -> 1.9.0
|    |    +--- androidx.annotation:annotation:1.2.0 -> 1.5.0
|    |    |    \--- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.7.10 -> 1.8.0
|    |    |         +--- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-common:1.8.0
|    |    |         \--- org.jetbrains:annotations:13.0 -> 16.0.1
|    |    +--- androidx.annotation:annotation-experimental:1.3.0
|    |    |    \--- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.7.10 -> 1.8.0 (*)

저게 언제부터 추가 된거지? 왜 버전이 업그레이드 되지? 하고 있던 찰나, 8시간 삽질하고 검색하고 하다보니 constraints 설정만 해주면 된다더라..

app 수준의 build.gradle에 아래와 같이 추가하면 된다.

dependencies {
    constraints {
        implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.8.0") {
            because("kotlin-stdlib-jdk7 is now a part of kotlin-stdlib")
        }
        implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.8.0") {
            because("kotlin-stdlib-jdk8 is now a part of kotlin-stdlib")
        }
    }

 

그리고 빌드하는데 다른 에러가 뜨더라

Execution failed for task ':app:compileDebugJavaWithJavac'.
> java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/xml/bind/JAXBException

검색해보니 Desugaring에 관한 내용인데, 1.8의 lambda도 사용하고 있었어서 Desugaring 옵션이 더 필요해졌더라.

build.gradle에 아래 항목을 더 추가해보자.

compileOptions {
    coreLibraryDesugaringEnabled true
    sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}

...

dependencies {
    coreLibraryDesugaring 'com.android.tools:desugar_jdk_libs:1.1.5'
    constraints {
        implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.8.0") {
            because("kotlin-stdlib-jdk7 is now a part of kotlin-stdlib")
        }
        implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.8.0") {
            because("kotlin-stdlib-jdk8 is now a part of kotlin-stdlib")
        }
    }
}

그리고 자료를 좀 더 찾다보니 kotlin-stdlib-jdk7 과 kotlin-stdlib-jdk8 이 충돌하지 않고 kotlin-stdlib로 통일하여 사용하도록 강제하는것이 좋다고 한다. 다시 app 수준의 build.gradle에 아래를 추가하자.

configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy {
        force "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.8.0"
    }
}

위에 적어둔 kotlin-stdlib-jdk~를 사용하려면 packagingOption을 제거해줘야한다고 한다

혹시나 아래와 같은 코드가 build.gradle에 있다면 제거하도록 한다.

packagingOptions {
    exclude 'META-INF/kotlin-stdlib-jdk7.kotlin_module'
    exclude "META-INF/kotlin-stdlib-jdk8.kotlin_module"
}

주의사항

constaints 블록은 Gradle 7.0 이상에서는 더이상 사용하지 않는다.
그래서 enforcedPlatform 블록을 사용한다고 한다.

resolutionStrategy 블록에서 force 옵션을 사용한다는것 자체가 다른 모듈에서 예기치 않은 문제를 일으킬 수 있다고 한다.
일부 모듈만 해당 버전에서 사용하려면 force 대신에 prefer 나 strictly와 같은 메소드로 일부 모듈에 한해서만 강제로 설정하는것이 낫다고 한다.